Consider these solutions to three common mistakes. Stepping into a formal leadership role is exciting. Whether it’s your first supervisor or manager role or an interim position with the potential to become permanent, the new responsibilities can feel empowering and overwhelming. Many of your finely honed nursing skills will serve you well as a manager,...
Patient-centered care focused on self-sufficiency The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) uses the term “home health” to describe a federal health insurance program that provides intermittent short-term care to help patients recover from illness and become as self-sufficient as possible at home. Professionals who participate in home health include nurses, physical therapists, occupational...
As nursing and academia have evolved, so too has the definition of faculty practice. It can include clinical practice, scholarship, clinical research, education, consultation, leadership and administration, preceptorship, policy advocacy, and quality improvement management. It also may refer to the clinical work undertaken by nursing faculty who maintain active roles in patient care, health services, […]
The United States continues to experience a shortage of frontline nurses, and a critical nurse faculty shortage impedes efforts to educate nurses to meet clinical workforce demands. In 2021, according to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing, U.S. nursing programs turned away 76,000 qualified prelicensure applicants due to a shortage of nursing faculty. Several...
Shared governance provides clinical nurses with a voice and opportunities to engage within an organization. It allows them to step into leadership roles to strengthen the inpatient, ambulatory, or direct patient care units in which they work.
USN nurses share their deployment experiences. Have you ever thought about a career as a U.S. Navy (USN) nurse? If so, you must consider that USN nurses hold two jobs—Naval officer and RN—and most are assigned to an operational platform for either their primary job responsibility or as a collateral role. USN nurses deploy with...
Nurses of color and those from other marginalized groups face several barriers to pursuing career advancement, including racial discrimination, few role models, and lack of support. However, exposure and mentorship can serve as a mechanism to address the mismatch between patient and nursing workforce demographics
Hansen’s disease, also called leprosy, is treatable today – and that’s partly thanks to a curious tree and the work of a pioneering young scientist in the 1920s. Centuries prior to her discovery, sufferers had no remedy for leprosy’s debilitating symptoms or its social stigma.
This young scientist, Alice Ball, laid fundamental groundwork for the first effective leprosy treatment globally. But her legacy still prompts conversations about the marginalization of women and people of color in science today.
Alice Augusta Ball, born in Seattle, Washington, in 1892, became the first woman and first African American to earn a master’s degree in science from the College of Hawaii in 1915, after completing her studies in pharmaceutical chemistry the year prior.
After she finished her master’s degree, the college hired her as a research chemist and instructor, and she became the first African American with that title in the chemistry department.
Doctors now understand that leprosy, also called Hansen’s disease, is minimally contagious. But in 1865, the fear and stigma associated with leprosy led authorities in Hawaii to implement a mandatory segregation policy, which ultimately isolated those with the disease on a remote peninsula on the island of Molokai. In 1910, over 600 leprosy sufferers were living in Molokai.
Doctors had attempted to use nearly every remedy imaginable to treat leprosy, even experimenting with dangerous substances such as arsenicand strychnine. But the lone consistently effective treatment was chaulmoogra oil.
Chaulmoogra oil is derived from the seeds of the chaulmoogra tree. Health practitioners in India and Burma had been using this oil for centuries as a treatment for various skin diseases. But there were limitations with the treatment, and it had only marginal effects on leprosy.
The oil is very thick and sticky, which makes it hard to rub into the skin. The drug is also notoriously bitter, and patients who ingested it would often start vomiting. Some physicians experimented with injections of the oil, but this produced painful pustules.
Dr. Isabel Kerr, a European missionary, administering to a patient a chaulmoogra oil treatment in 1915, prior to the invention of the Ball Method. George McGlashan Kerr, CC BY
The Ball Method
If researchers could harness chaulmoogra’s curative potential without the nasty side effects, the tree’s seeds could revolutionize leprosy treatment. So, Hollmann turned to Ball. In a 1922 article, Hollmann documents how the 23-year-old Ball discovered how to chemically adapt chaulmoogra into an injection that had none of the side effects.
The Ball Method, as Hollmann called her discovery, transformed chaulmoogra oil into the most effective treatment for leprosy until the introduction of sulfones in the late 1940s.
In 1920, the Ball Method successfully treated 78 patients in Honolulu. A year later, it treated 94 more, with the Public Health Service noting that the morale of all the patients drastically improved. For the first time, there was hope for a cure.
Ball’s death meant she didn’t have the opportunity to publish her research. Arthur Dean, chair of the College of Hawaii’s chemistry department, took over the project.
Dean mass-produced the treatment and published a series of articles on chaulmoogra oil. He renamed Ball’s method the “Dean Method,” and he never credited Ball for her work.
Ball’s other colleagues did attempt to protect Ball’s legacy. A 1920 article in the Journal of the American Medical Association praises the Ball Method, while Hollmann clearly credits Ball in his own 1922 article.
Ball is described at length in a 1922 article in volume 15, issue 5, of Current History, an academic publication on international affairs. That feature is excerpted in a June 1941 issue of Carter G. Woodson’s “Negro History Bulletin,” referring to Ball’s achievement and untimely death.
Joseph Dutton, a well-regarded religious volunteer at the leprosy settlements on Molokai, further referenced Ball’s work in a 1932 memoir broadly published for a popular audience.
Historians such as Paul Wermager later prompted a modern reckoning with Ball’s poor treatment by Dean and others, ensuring that Ball received proper credit for her work. Following Wermager’s and others’ work, the University of Hawaii honored Ball in 2000 with a bronze plaque, affixed to the last remaining chaulmoogra tree on campus.
In 2019, the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine added Ball’s name to the outside of its building. Ball’s story was even featured in a 2020 short film, “The Ball Method.”
The Ball Method represents both a scientific achievement and a history of marginalization. A young woman of color pioneered a medical treatment for a highly stigmatizing disease that disproportionately affected an already disenfranchised Indigenous population.
In 2022, then-Gov. David Ige declared Feb. 28 Alice Augusta Ball Day in Hawaii. It was only fitting that the ceremony took place on the Mānoa campus in the shade of the chaulmoogra tree.
On December 28, 2017, the FDA gave approval for the Dermapace System, a shock wave device intended to be used in the treatment of chronic, full-thickness diabetic foot ulcers. The device uses pulses of energy, similar to sound waves, to mechanically stimulate the wound. Read more.
Findings from a randomized controlled trial revealed that patients with a diabetic foot ulcer, who received probiotic supplementation for 12 weeks, experienced faster wound healing coupled with an improved glycemic and lipid profile compared with patients assigned a placebo. Read more.
Swift Medical, a wound care company based in Toronto, has launched its AutoDepth technology, a mobile phone app that measures the depth of wounds by waving it over the injury without ever making contact. Read more.
Introduction: Deep sternal wound infections (DSWIs) are rare but devastating complication after median sternotomy following cardiac surgery. Especially in the presence of artificial material or inadequate preliminary muscle flaps, the pedicled omentum flap is due to its immunological properties, the predetermined flap in salvage procedures. (more…)
Physicians evaluate new device to test for cervical cancer. Comparison of Tissue Yield Using Frictional Fabric Brush Versus Sharp Curettage For Endocervical Curettage.
Women undergoing cervical biopsies might have lower odds of repeat tests with a rotating fabric brush than a sharp instrument because the soft device may capture more cells for analysis, a recent study suggests. Furthermore, biopsies with the softer tool may be less painful, researchers say. Cervical biopsies sometimes fail to collect enough cells from the cervix to accurately test for cancer, in which case another biopsy is needed. (more…)
One of the most amazing things about the human body is its ability to repair itself. Lacerations, punctures, abrasions all heal with little or no care. Chronic wounds, those that persist day after day, are a small subset of wounds but they compose a troublesome minority. They include, but are not limited to, diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), venous leg ulcers (VLU), and pressure ulcers (colloquially known as bedsores). These represent the body’s failure to fix itself. (more…)
Pennsylvania state trooper Matt Uram was talking with his wife at a July Fourth party in 2009 when a misjudged spray of gasoline burst through a nearby bonfire and set him alight. Flames covered the entire right side of his body, and after he fell to the ground to smother them, his wife beat his head with her bare hands to put out his burning hair. It was only on the way to the ER, as the shock and adrenaline began to wear off, that the pain set in. “It was intense,” he says. “If you can imagine what pins and needles feel like, then replace those needles with matches.” (more…)
2024-2025 EDUCATION AND CAREER GUIDE
